The large majority of SLPP members backed Albert Margai over Karefa-Smart. Islam and Christianity are the two main religions in the country. In 1562, the English initiated the Triangular Trade when admiral Sir John Hawkins of the Royal Navy transported 300 enslaved Africans acquired "by the sword and partly by other means" to the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo on Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea area of the West Indies islands, where he sold them. After an alleged attempt to overthrow President Momoh in March 1987, more than 60 senior government officials were arrested, including Vice-President Francis Minah, who was removed from office, convicted of plotting the coup, and executed by hanging in 1989, along with five others. Men continue to be the lesser population with a total of three million seven hundred and twenty-seven thousand, seven hundred and forty-seven (3,727,747), comprising 49.4% of the total population. Waterloo is located about twenty miles east of Freetown. The British Crown reorganised the Sierra Leone Company as the African Institution; it was directed to improve the local economy. Ajisafe was apparently angry after a Zimbabwean Muslim cleric Mufti Menk had visited Sierra Leone and preached to large crowds. Waterloo is a major urban transport hub and lies on the . Explanation: Boundaries of districts and chiefdoms according to the administrative reorganization of 2017. There are several systems of transport in Sierra Leone, which has a road, air and water infrastructure, including a network of highways and several airports. The populations quoted above for the five largest cities are from the 2004 census. The Military of Sierra Leone also has a Chief of the Defence Staff who is a uniformed military official responsible for the administration and the operational control of the Sierra Leone military. Several mudslides occurred in the early hours of 14 August 2017 in and near the country's capital Freetown. Mining of diamonds in the east and other minerals expanded, drawing labourers there from other parts of the country. There were thousands of these Black Loyalists, people of African descent who joined the British military forces during the American Revolutionary War. Koidu town is considered to be the fourth largest city by population in Sierra Leone after Freetown, Bo, Kenema, and Makeni with a population of 92,770. All of Sierra Leone's Heads of State have been Christians except Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, who was a Muslim. #1 Bonthe District Settlement Population: 200,730 Updated: 2020-04-01 Bonthe District is a district comprises several islands and mainland of the Atlantic Ocean in the Southern Province of Sierra Leone. Current ratio of men and women in absolute and relative values in Bo District, Sierra Leone. In addition to being Sierra Leones capital and largest city, Freetown is a major port city and utilizes one of the worlds largest natural deep water harbors. The vast majority of the Mende support the Sierra Leone People's Party; while the majority of the Temne support the All People's Congress.[208]. He also endeavoured to change Sierra Leone from a democracy to a one-party state. Sierra Leone as a country lies between latitude and longitude 12.2 degrees west and 8.5 degrees north respectively. SAJ Musa, a childhood friend of Strasser, became the deputy chairman and deputy leader of the NPRC government. Like the neighbouring Temne, the Loko are Muslim majority. [48] In 1792, in a move that foreshadowed the women's suffrage movements in Britain, the heads of all households, of which a third were women, were given the right to vote. The third-largest ethnic group are the Limba at about 8.4% of the population. The park is home to elephants, hippos, buffaloes, and many chimpanzees it's also listed as a protected area by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP). Multiple allegations were made during the COVID-19 lockdown period of police attacking people trying to obtain basic necessities.[130]. [256], Print media is not widely read in Sierra Leone, especially outside Freetown and other major cities, partially due to the low levels of literacy in the country. However, no presidential candidate won the 50% plus one vote majority stipulated in the constitution on the first round of voting. In 1951, Lamina Sankoh (born: Etheldred Jones) collaborated with educated protectorate leaders from different groups, including Sir Milton Margai, Siaka Stevens, Mohamed Sanusi Mustapha, John Karefa-Smart, Kande Bureh, Sir Albert Margai, Amadu Wurie and Sir Banja Tejan-Sie joined together with the powerful paramount chiefs in the protectorate to form the Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP as the party of the Protectorate. Sierra Leone's former Vice-President Alhaji Samuel Sam-Sumana is an ethnic Kono. Sipsma, Heather L., et al. Because of their trading, the Fulas are found in nearly all parts of the country. The topography of the province is mostly hilly woodlands, and the land supports a range of endangered species. The 68% of the rural population without access to an improved water source relied on surface water (50%), unprotected wells (9%) and unprotected springs (9%). The other airports have unpaved runways, and seven have runways from 914 to 1,523 metres (2,999 to 4,997 feet) long; the remaining two have shorter runways. The war was later known as the Hut Tax War. [55] As the Liberated Africans became successful traders[54] and spread Christianity throughout West Africa, they intermarried with the Nova Scotians and Maroons, and the two groups eventually became a fusion of African and Western societies. The discussions eventually concluded with key stakeholders, including Bio's administration and the UN, agreeing that while efforts in finding a peaceful solution to ending the war should continue, a general election should be held as soon as possible. [79] Due to the lack of access to basic education, women are the least prepared when it comes to processing business licences, registering names or contracting. The country had its first general elections as an independent nation on 27 May 1961. The Oku people are related to the Krio and primarily reside in the communities of Fourah Bay, Fula Town, and Aberdeen in Freetown. These provinces are then divided into 16 districts, which are further divided into 190 chiefdoms. One of the top-ranking soldiers in the NPRC Junta, Lieutenant Sahr Sandy, a trusted ally of Strasser, was assassinated, allegedly by Major S.I.M. [160] This change will attempt to encourage foreign investment while providing affordable, quality solar products to its citizens. [50] The initial process of society-building in Freetown was a harsh struggle. The armed forces were formed after independence in 1961, based on elements of the former British Royal West African Frontier Force present in the country. The United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNIOSIL) ran one of the most popular stations in the country, broadcasting programs in a range of languages. Margai was accused of favouring members of his own Mende ethnic group for prominent positions. The CIA estimated that the average life expectancy in Sierra Leone was 57.39 years. Many Liberated Africans were so unhappy that they risked the possibility of being sold back into slavery by leaving Sierra Leone and going back to their original villages. "[132], Within the context of local governance, the districts are governed as localities. The interior contains a variety of landforms ranging from savanna-covered low plains to rocky scarp and hill country. [181][182][183] The Islamic holidays of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Maulid-un-Nabi (Birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) are observed as national holidays in Sierra Leone. [96] The epidemic also led to the Ouse to Ouse Tock in September 2014, a nationwide three-day quarantine. After taking over, President Kabbah immediately opened dialogue with the RUF and invited their leader Foday Sankoh for peace negotiations.[22]. The African country of Sierra Leone is divided into five major areas. 2004 saw a population of four million, nine hundred and seventy-six thousand eight hundred and seventy-one (4,976,871) and in the 2015 census Sierra Leone recorded a total population of seven million and ninety-two thousand, one hundred and thirteen (7,092,113), the last census before the latest mid-term population and housing census which indicated a total of eight hundred and forty-three thousand two hundred and fifty-four (843,254) residential buildings, whilst for non-residential a total of seven thousand five hundred and three ( 7,503). The Limba are about 60% Christian and 40% Muslims. Until 1906, Madam Yoko ruled as a paramount chief in the new British Protectorate. [159] It is located near the Seli River and Freetown and was estimated to produce about 50 megawatts of electricity. The Operation was successful with Indian and British Special Forces being the main contingents. Sierra Leone's third president, Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, and Sierra Leone's first Vice-President, Sorie Ibrahim Koroma, were both ethnic Mandingo. Makeni is home to the largest private university in Sierra Leone; University of Makeni and St. Francis Secondary School which is one of Sierra Leone's most prominent schools. Just like Freetown and Bo, Kenema is home to an ethnically diverse population whose main dialect is the Krio language. Koidu Town is home to two of the ten most rough and largest diamonds in the world and was found in the Woyie River which flows through the city. [86] SSD officers were loyal to Stevens and were deployed across the country to clamp down on any rebellion or protest against Stevens' government. [108] The country had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 2.76/10, ranking it 154th globally out of 172 countries.[109]. As of the 2015 census, Port Loko District has a population of 614,063. The soldiers immediately released Koroma from prison and installed him as their chairman and Head of State. In November 1968, unrest in the provinces led Stevens to declare a state of emergency across the country. Stevens reorganised the country's oil refinery, the government-owned Cape Sierra Hotel, and a cement factory. In addition, it stated that: The population size of Sierra Leone in 2021 has more than tripled since the first modern census that was conducted in 1963. Four provinces are further divided into 14 districts; the Western Area is divided into two districts. In 1992, just a year after the war broke out, President Momoh was ousted in a coup led by Sierra Leone Army captain Valentine Strasser. Upon arrival in Sierra Leone, each recaptive was given a registration number, and information on their physical qualities would be entered into the Register of Liberated Africans. They did not maintain relationships even with longstanding allies, such as Bai Bureh, who was later unfairly portrayed as a prime instigator of the Hut Tax War.[65]. Deforestation rates have increased 7.3% since the end of the civil war. Area: 77.1 mile - 124.1 km radius. They are locally known as Sierra Leonean-Lebanese. The Susu and Yalunka kingdom was established in the early fifth seventh century[clarification needed] before the Mali empire, which was extended from Mali, Senegal, Guinea Bissau, Guinea Conakry to the northern part of Sierra Leone. [156] The majority of the population relies on biomass fuels for their daily survival, with firewood and coal used most prevalently. The Southern Province is divided into four districts: The North West Province of Sierra Leone borders the Atlantic Ocean, Guinea, and three domestic regions. Based on 2015 estimates of the population of Sierra Leone, 77% of the population are Muslims, 22% are Christians, and 1% practise African traditional religion. T- evaluate the impact of the first ETU and laboratory becoming operational in . [264] The city has a lot to offer to tourists. [235], The water supply in Sierra Leone is characterised by limited access to safe drinking water. [87] This move led to another major demonstration against the government in many parts of the country, but it was also put down by the army and Stevens' SSD force. [243], Rice is the staple food of Sierra Leone and is consumed at virtually every meal daily. Located in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone is Kenema which is also the biggest city in the province and the third largest city in the country. The park is home to elephants, hippos, buffaloes, and many chimpanzees its also listed as a protected area by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP). Because Madam Yoko supported the British, some sub-chiefs rebelled, causing Yoko to take refuge in the police barracks. [157] The burning of these sources has been reported to have adverse health effects on women and children. Stevens is generally criticised for dictatorial methods and government corruption, but on a positive note, he kept the country stable and from collapsing into civil war. [20], During the few decades following independence, Sierra Leone witnessed an increase in political activities, transformations, turmoil, humanitarian and socio-economic crises. [176] Most of Sierra Leone's ethnic groups are Muslim majority, including the country's two largest ethnic groups: the Mende and Temne. [221] The founding members of the Coalition included the Sierra Leone Red Cross Society (the first chairing organisation), LFR International (proposed the formation), the University of Makeni, Agency for Rural Community Transformation, and the Holy Spirit Hospital. [39] The 64 remaining colonists established a second Granville Town.[46][47]. Next to the president is the vice-president, who is the second highest-ranking government official in the executive branch of the Sierra Leone Government. The service began broadcasting television in 1963, with coverage extended to all the districts in the country in 1978. Setting: Twenty-seven peripheral health units, five secondary hospitals and one tertiary hospital, Western Area District, Sierra Leone.Objectives: To describe reporting systems, monthly attendances and facility-based patterns of six non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the pre-Ebola and Ebola virus disease outbreak periods.Design: A cross-sectional study using programme data. The country has a population of 7,092,113 as of the 2015 census. Hence, the country formally became known as the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate or simply British Sierra Leone. The Western Area Urban District is one of the 16 districts of Sierra Leone. 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