Operation Reported in U.s. Against Antiwar Forces, Other Dissidents in Nixon Years", Prepared Statement of Admiral Stansfield Turner, Director of Central Intelligence, "CIA Director Admits Documents on Secret Drug Experiments Destroyed", PROJECT MKULTRA, THE CIA's PROGRAM OF RESEARCH IN BEHAVIORAL MODIFICATION, "What did the C.I.A. (Image credit: National Archives and Records Administration). [75] Pursuant to this order, most CIA documents regarding the project were destroyed, making a full investigation of MKUltra impossible. MKUltra plays a part in many conspiracy theories due to its nature and the destruction of most records. The doctor was later arrested and sentenced to a lengthy prison term on allegedly unrelated charges. [1] Those mosquitoes that were air-dispersed were dropped from airplanes 300 feet (91 m) above the ground, spreading out on their own and due to the wind. The aim was to find drugs that would bring out deep confessions or wipe a subject's mind clean and program them as "a robot agent. In addition to a cache of documents from former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, the Presidents Daily Intelligence Briefings, from the Kennedy through the Ford administrations, have been posted online. CIA Director Panetta had ordered an internal investigation to determine why Congress had not been informed about the covert program. The project became the basis for several movies, such as "The Manchurian Candidate" and "The Men Who Stare at Goats.". In some countries, "preparing" for Soviet invasion included espionage and the hoarding of ammunitions. Some of you have read this before. [84] WikiLeaks did not name the source, but said that the files had "circulated among former U.S. government hackers and contractors in an unauthorized manner, one of whom has provided WikiLeaks with portions of the archive. [1] Jeffrey T. Richelson of the National Security Archive has been critical of its claims. [33] The agency poured millions of dollars into studies examining ways to influence and control the mind and to enhance its ability to extract information from resistant subjects during interrogation. Declassified report from the CIA's bombshell UFO dossier reveals the meeting where top military officials launched 16-year Project Blue Book study of 'flying saucers' in 1952 The United States Military Tribunal established the Nuremberg Code as a standard against which to judge German scientists who experimented with human subjects. [I]n defiance of this principle, military intelligence officials began surreptitiously testing chemical and biological materials, including LSD. Materials which will render the induction of hypnosis easier or otherwise enhance its usefulness. One of its most famous graduates? In other words, torture. The CIA exported experiments to Canada when they recruited British psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron, creator of the "psychic driving" concept, which the CIA found interesting. Substances which increase the efficiency of mentation and perception. Other human rights issues that are controversial include the case of Edward Snowden. But I think most people when they think about it will say that you will get better intelligence if the intelligence agencies don't operate in an unexamined fashion. In March 1968, American soldiers murdered hundreds of unarmed civilians in the South Vietnamese hamlet of My Lai, according to accounts of the massacre that describe harrowing killings of at least 300 women, children and elderly people. These acts, which included faked terrorist attacks in U.S. cities, the hijacking of planes and the sinking of boats full of Cuban migrs en route to the U.S., would then be used to justify a war with Cuba, according to the documents. In the 1960s, the U.S. Army embarked on a secret mission to build a series of mobile nuclear missile launch sites under the Greenland ice sheet. "[37], Several investigations led by the Church Committee, Rockefeller Commission and Pike Committee have been conducted about the CIA, and many documents have been declassified. It's not that long, but it wants to be read in small slices because it's a lot of information to digest. "[4], In 1969, at the height of the antiwar movement in the US, CIA Director Helms received a message from Henry Kissinger ordering him to spy on the leaders of the groups requesting a moratorium on Vietnam. and other United States agencies employed at least a thousand Nazis as Cold War spies and informants and, as recently as the 1990s, concealed the governments ties to some still living in America, newly disclosed records and interviews show. The declassified documents reveal plans for the plane to reach a top speed of Mach 4 (four times the speed of sound), and reach an altitude of 100,000 feet (30,480 meters). It often conducted experiments without the subjects' knowledge or consent. In another lawsuit, Wayne Ritchie, a former United States Marshal, after hearing about the project's existence in 1990, alleged the CIA laced his food or drink with LSD at a 1957 Christmas party which resulted in his attempting to commit a robbery at a bar and his subsequent arrest. [39], In 2014, The New York Times reported that "In the decades after World War II, the C.I.A. Thanks to the Intelligence Communitys persistence, CORONA resulted in one of the largest declassification projects in American history. It was learned that not only had the CIA funded Cameron's efforts, but also that the Canadian government was fully aware of this, and had later provided another $500,000 in funding to continue the experiments. [80][81], In Canada, the issue took much longer to surface, becoming widely known in 1984 on a CBC news show, The Fifth Estate. "[65], The agency attracted widespread criticism after it used a local doctor in Pakistan to set up a hepatitis B vaccination program in Abbottabad in 2011 to obtain DNA samples from the occupants of a compound where it was suspected bin Laden was living, hoping to obtain samples from bin Laden or his children in order to confirm his presence. Hacking Documents", "How the CIA Can Hack Your Phone, PC, and TV (Says WikiLeaks)", "WikiLeaks posts trove of CIA documents detailing mass hacking", "Vault 7: Wikileaks reveals details of CIA's hacks of Android, iPhone Windows, Linux, MacOS, and even Samsung TVs", "Trump's CIA Director Pompeo, Targeting WikiLeaks, Explicitly Threatens Speech and Press Freedoms", Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001, "Secret CIA Files Say Staffers Committed Sex Crimes Involving Children", All the Shah's Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror, Encyclopedia of the Central Intelligence Agency, CIA Freedom of Information Act Electronic Reading Room, Landscapes of Secrecy: The CIA in History, Fiction and Memory, Works by or about List of CIA controversies, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_CIA_controversies&oldid=1133652872, Dujmovic, Nicholas, "Drastic Actions Short of War: The Origins and Application of CIA's Covert Paramilitary Function in the Early Cold War,", This page was last edited on 14 January 2023, at 21:57. Italian Prime Minister at the time, the late Giulio Andreotti divulged information about Italy's secret Cold War army (known as Gladio) in 1990, becoming the first leader of a NATO country to publicly acknowledge one of these forces. In a declassified CIA document outlining the details of Operation Belladonna, we can see the United States had already made contact with Ukrainian Nationalists that were keen to ally with the Americans against the USSR, primarily through influencing the development of the Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council (UHVR). These tests showed that mosquitoes could be spread by means of various devices. [1][2][3][4] It began in 1953 and was halted in 1973. A spokeswoman for Wikipedia said in response that the changes may violate the encyclopedia's conflict-of-interest guidelines. [73] The Middle East Eye reported that two agents, Americans, who operated spy-rings within ISIS had resigned, because they "did not want to see the contacts who worked for them sacrificed due to incompetence and anti-Muslim prejudice from within Trump's inner circle." Dr. Wernher von Braun (center) describes the Saturn Launch System to President John F. Kennedy (right, pointing). Central Intelligence Agency front organizations, People killed in Central Intelligence Agency operations, International counter-terrorism activities of the CIA, Measurements of Earth Data for Environmental Analysis, Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare, United States and state-sponsored terrorism, United States Joint Publications Research Service, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Central_Intelligence_Agency_operations&oldid=711930997, This page was last edited on 25 March 2016, at 20:06. Subcategories This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. Its free. President Harry Truman launched this top-secret program after World War II to recruit scientists who had worked for Nazi Germany to develop stuff for the good guys. Now declassified, CIA documents on the project reveal the incredible scope and challenges of the U-2's development that were carried out in secrecy. [28] The CIA wanted to use similar methods on their own captives, and was interested in manipulating foreign leaders with such techniques,[25] devising several schemes to drug Fidel Castro. Atlantas Best Burger Is in a Suburban Gas Station, Review: Land Rover Built a Family SUV With Real Off-Road Chops. Some of the more compelling secrets the agency, along with their cohorts in the U.S. military, have declassified in recent years are worth digging into. Church Committee; "The congressional committee investigating the CIA research, chaired by Senator, 1977 Senate MKULTRA Hearing: Appendix C Documents Referring to subprojects. The articles and internet postings by The Washington Post and The Guardian included classified documents that were marked TOP SECRET. Stanley. [25], The project was headed by Sidney Gottlieb but began on the order of CIA director Allen Dulles on April 13, 1953. A knockout pill which can be surreptitiously administered in drinks, food, cigarettes, as an aerosol, etc., which will be safe to use, provide a maximum of amnesia, and be suitable for use by agent types on an ad hoc basis. Testing and Use of Chemical and Biological Agents by the Intelligence Community, List of MKULTRA Unclassified Documents including subprojects, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MKUltra&oldid=1133962574. [47], Documents obtained from the CIA by John D. Marks under Freedom of Information in 1976 showed that, in 1953, the CIA considered purchasing 10 kilograms of LSD, enough for 100 million doses. While the classic show likely stretched the truth a little to its favor, declassified historical documents do note that the location has been used to test military vehicles and weapons. Brennan ordered the creation of an internal personnel board, led by former senator Evan Bayh, to review the agency employees' conduct and determine "potential disciplinary measures. In addition to LSD, the Army also tested quinuclidinyl benzilate, a hallucinogen code-named BZ. This list may not reflect recent changes. Research Aid: Cryptonyms and Terms in Declassified CIA Files Nazi War Crimes and Japanese Imperial Government Records Disclosure Acts 1 June 2007 Term Definition A-287 Cryptonym for Josef Stigler. [15], Following the September 11 attacks the United States, in particular the CIA, has been accused of rendering hundreds of people suspected by the government of being terroristsor of aiding and abetting terrorist organisationsto third-party states such as Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and Uzbekistan. [34][35] Some historians assert that one goal of MKUltra and related CIA projects was to create a Manchurian Candidate-style subject. These documents, which describe secret writing techniques and are housed at the National Archives, are believed to be the only remaining classified documents from the World War I era. According to currently released documentation, none of the operations became active under the auspices of the Operation Northwoods proposals. ABN Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations (ABN). Wishing well used for Bronze Age 'cult rituals' discovered in Bavaria, Man holding penis and flanked by leopards is world's oldest narrative carving, This wasp uses its prickly penis to escape certain death, iPad Pro M2 review: all dressed up and nowhere to go, Rare, 'high-status' Viking burial unearthed in a garden in Oslo, The ultimate action-packed science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about the universe, Subscribe today and get your first 3 issues for just 3" today, Engaging articles, amazing illustrations & exclusive interviews, Issues delivered straight to your door or device. [1][6] To this end, Operation Northwoods proposals recommended hijackings and bombings followed by the introduction of phony evidence that would implicate the Cuban government. Since he realized there was a difference in testing the drug in a laboratory and using it in clandestine operations, he initiated a series of experiments where LSD was given to people in "normal" settings without warning. One document outlines the chemicals and techniques necessary for developing certain types of secret writing ink and a method for opening sealed letters without detection. These documents were fully investigated during the Senate Hearings of 1977.[13]. [23], During Bush's year in charge of the CIA, the U.S. national security apparatus actively supported Operation Condor operations and right-wing military dictatorships in Latin America. The operation recommended developing a "Communist Cuban terror campaign in the Miami area, in other Florida cities and even in Washington". [33] CIA counter-intelligence chief James Jesus Angleton believed that a mole had penetrated the organization at the highest levels. "[51], On July 10, 2009, House Intelligence subcommittee Chairwoman Representative Jan Schakowsky (D, IL) announced the termination of an unnamed CIA covert program described as "very serious" in nature which had been kept secret from Congress for eight years.[52]. In 2012, the CIA declassified some documents from the 1950s that showed some of the projects they worked on. Holt said. [1] Chemical Corps personnel participating in the tests were not volunteers and were not informed of the tests. In December 2021, radio documentarian Per Wennick discovered 36 boxes of MKUltra records stored at a psychiatric center in a Copenhagen suburb, but when he asked for access, the center shredded the records, in violation of Danish law. The U.S. General Accounting Office issued a report on September 28, 1994, which stated that between 1940 and 1974, Department of Defense and other national security agencies studied thousands of human subjects in tests and experiments involving hazardous substances. In July 2013, declassified documents from the CIA acknowledged the existence of Area 51 for the first time, and confirmed that the top-secret site was used to test a variety of spy planes, including the well-known U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. ". The tests were designed to reveal information about the dispersal of yellow fever mosquitoes in an urban area. The inquiry resulted in criminal charges against 14 U.S. Army officers, all but one of whom were acquitted for their crimes. I think this is as serious as it gets," stated Anna Eshoo, Chairman, Subcommittee on Intelligence Community Management, U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI). [70][71][72], In February 2017, reports emerged that key experts within the CIA were resigning because they would not work for U.S. President Donald Trump. Documents describing secret writing fall under the CIA's purview to declassify. 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